America's apartheid
"Those Who Forget The Past Are Doomed To Repeat It"
http://www.nps.gov/archive/colo/Jthanout/AFRICANS.html African Americans At Jamestown: Arrival of "20 and Odd" Blacks in late August of 1619 aboard a Dutch man of war. These blacks were sold/traded into servitude for supplies.
AFRICANS IN THE AMERICANS: Celebrating the Ancestral Heritage http://www.nypl.org/research/sc/afb/shell.html
HOW TO KEEP A BLACK MAN DOWN
In the words of Willie Lynch In 1712, there are many ways in which you can keep control of your “slaves”. His wisdom of 288 years has not changed. It’s time to wake up Black America. http://www.africanamericanimages.com/aai/Willie%20Lynch.htm
Page Updated 7/01/08
.
Captain William Lynch (1742 – 1820) of Pittsylvania County, Virginia practiced lynching circa 1780. It is believed that lynching and Lynch law are named after him… William Lynch is the undisputed author of Lynch's Law according to the compact sent to the Virginia Legislature on September 22, 1782.
The cornerstone of the confederacy rest upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to the white man, that slavery, subornation to the superior race, is his natural and moral condition. Alexander Hamilton Stephens (Georgia), Vice President of the Confederacy (1861)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAlynching.htm Lynching is the illegal execution of an accused person by a mob
Slaveholding Presidents How many of our presidents owned slaves? It's a commonplace that Abraham Lincoln never trafficked in slaves, much less owned them -- indeed, he "freed the slaves." But here's the shocker: Although the slave trade had been abolished in the District of Columbia in 1850, slaves inhabited the capital for another 15 years -- till the end of the Civil War. Dwell on that thought: Lincoln fought the Civil War in a slave city -- the Great Emancipator inhabited a White House staffed by slaves.http://www.gvsu.edu/hauenstein/?id=5547C04D-CDE2-8CD2-10B8DB7A7AD79E0A&CFID=9282716&CFTOKEN=68294622
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part3/3p1518.html (Nat Turner's Rebellion 1831) The state legislature of Virginia considered abolishing slavery, but in a close vote decided to retain slavery and to support a repressive policy against black people, slave and free.
On 7th November, 1837, Elijah Parish Lovejoy, the editor of the Alton Observer, was killed by a white mob after he had published articles criticizing lynching and advocating the abolition of slavery.
http://www.realabelincoln.com/ The Real Abraham Lincoln "I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so." Abraham Lincoln - First Inaugural Address - March 4, 1861
"If I thought this war was to abolish slavery, I would resign my commission and offer my sword to the other side" General U.S. Grant, 1862
The Emancipation Proclamation, announced on September 22 and put in effect January 1, 1863, freed slaves in territories not under Union control.
After the establishment of the Ku Klux Klan in 1867 the number of lynching of African American increased dramatically. The main objective of the KKK was to maintain white supremacy in the South, which they felt was under threat after their defeat in the Civil War. It has been estimated that between 1880 and 1920, an average of two African Americans a week were lynched in the United States.
http://georgehigh.com/Disfranchised/Civil%20War%20amendments.pdf Civil War amendments to the U.S. Constitution
In 1898 Ida Wells wrote to President William McKinley asking him to take action against the lynching of blacks that was taking place in the southern states.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAdyerB.htm Leonidas Dyer, a member of the Republican Party, was elected to Congress in 1911. He was defeated in 1914 but returned to Congress in 1915. A strong opponent of racial intolerance, Dyer made several unsuccessful attempts to persuade Congress to pass a federal anti-lynching law.
http://www.patriciabernstein.com/ Waco Texas, 1916: the Lynching of Jesse Washington and the Rise of the NAACP
The NAACP also fought a long campaign against lynching. In 1919 it published Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States: 1889-1918. The NAACP also paid for large adverts in major newspapers presenting the facts about lynching. To show that the members of the organization would not be intimidated, it held its 1920 annual conference in Atlanta, considered at the time to be one of the most active Ku Klux Klan areas in America.
http://collections.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/ On June 15, 1920, police arrest several young black men accused of raping a white woman. That evening, three of them – Elias Clayton, Elmer Jackson, and Isaac McGhie – are taken from jail by a mob and lynched.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAStalbert.htm Mary Talbert … In 1921 she travelled thousands of miles making public speeches in an attempt to gain support for Dyer's anti-lynching bill. Mary Talbert died in 1923.
The NAACP hoped that the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 would bring an end to lynching. Two African American campaigners against lynching, Mary McLeod Bethune and Walter Francis White, had been actively involved in helping Roosevelt to obtain victory. The president's wife, Eleanor Roosevelt, had also been a long-time opponent of lynching.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USACstacy.htm In 1935 attempts were made to persuade Franklin D. Roosevelt to support a Anti-Lynching bill that had been introduced into Congress. However, Roosevelt refused to speak out in favour of the bill that would punish sheriffs who failed to protect their prisoners from lynch mobs. He argued that the white voters in the South would never forgive him if he supported the bill and he would therefore lose the next election. Even the appearance in the newspapers of the lynching of Rubin Stacy failed to change Roosevelt's mind on the subject. # # # # # Two years later (1937), President Roosevelt would appoint Senator Hugo Black, a KKK to the Supreme Court.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo_Black#Ku_Klux_Klan_controversy Black became a member of the Robert E. Lee Klan No. 1, a branch of the Ku Klux Klan in Birmingham, in 1923.[2] He claimed that he remained in the KKK only until 1925, and that during that time attended no more than four meetings before his resignation. However, in 1926 he not only attended a State Convention of the KKK but addressed the delegates as well....
Noose incidents evoke segregation-era fears: 10/11/07 http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21228709/from/ET/
http://georgehigh.com/Disfranchised/Monroe%20Lynching.pdf Searching for Truth in Monroe Lynching: The whites questioned abided by a code of silence. Blacks, too, kept quiet, petrified of reprisal if they spoke out. (1946)
http://georgehigh.com/Disfranchised/Monroe%2C%20Ga.pdf My Memory of the Monroe Lynching
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14380016/from/ET/ 45 years & all of the kkk are dead: MIMS, Fla. Four long-dead Klu Klux Klan members were behind a house bombing that killed two black civil rights activists in 1951. http://georgehigh.com/gh/Fla.%20hm.pdf Fla. rights leader's papers found
http://amath.colorado.edu/carnegie/lit/lynch/women.htm A Historical Look at The Lynching of Women: The Influence of Ida B. Wells
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/till/index.html The Murder of Emitt Till
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070228/ap_on_re_us/till_investigation_7 No indictment in '55 Emmett Till slayinghttp://archives.cnn.com/2000/LAW/06/30/birmingham.bombing/index.html The 1963 Birmingham Church Bombing
http://www.cnn.com/US/9807/06/dragging.death.02/index.html Dragging Death in Jasper Texas: Byrd's severed head, neck and right arm were discovered about a mile from where his shredded torso was dumped. A trail of blood, body parts and personal effects stretched for two miles, police said.
.
10 years later, dragging death changes town: 6/6/08
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/25008925/from/ET/
http://www.tolerance.org/memorial/ Southern Poverty Law Center, CIVIL RIGHTS MEMORIAL: The Memorial, dedicated in 1989, includes the name of 40 civil rights martyrs who were slain during that era.
http://www.splcenter.org/news/item.jsp?sid=88 Southern Poverty Law Center, The ‘Forgotten’ These are the names of 76 men and women who died between 1952 and 1968 under circumstances suggesting they were the victims of racially motivated violence.
http://www.splcenter.org/news/item.jsp?aid=245 Southern Poverty Law Center: Cold Cases-- FBI to re-xamine civil rights era murder cases The U.S. Justice Department is re-examining many of the unsolved murders from the civil rights era. The Center recently provided the FBI with information about the deaths of dozens of people who may have been victims of racially motivated killings.
http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/Civil%20Rights%20Murders.pdf CIVIL RIGHTS-ERA MURDER CASES: 'ANOTHER DAY FOR JUSTICE' 06/03/07
http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/search?q=su%3AUnited+States.+Federal+Bureau+of+Investigation+History.&qt=hot_subject Federal Bureau of Investigation History
http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0209/p02s02-ussc.html Anti-immigrant sentiments fuel Ku Klux Klan resurgence
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19333322/from/ET/ House passes bill to reopen civil rights murders 6/20/07http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/THE%20EMETT%20TILL%20ACT.pdf THE EMMETT TILL ACT: New funds unneeded for 'cold' civil rights murders 6/22/07
Reputed Klansman gets life for 1964 killings: August 25, 2007 James Ford Seale, a reputed Ku Klux Klansman, was sentenced Friday to three life terms in prison for his role in the 1964 abduction and murder of two black teenagers in southwest Mississippi. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20424056/from/ET/
http://georgehigh.com/Disfranchised/kkk.pdf Brief History of the Ku Klux Klan; Focusing on Their Use of the Flag: by Jeffrey Todd McCormack
Searching through America's past for the last 25 years, collector James Allen uncovered an extraordinary visual legacy: photographs and postcards taken as souvenirs at lynchings throughout America. With essays by Hilton Als, Leon Litwack, Congressman John Lewis and James Allen, these photographs have been published as a book "Without Sanctuary" by Twin Palms Publishers . Features will be added to this site over time and it will evolve into an educational tool. Please be aware before entering the site that much of the material is very disturbing. We welcome your comments and input through the forum section.
On June 13, 2005, the United States Senate formally apologized for its refusal to approve any of the 200 anti-lynching legislation bills introduced during the first half of the 20th century, a failure that led to the deaths of at least several thousand African-Americans....The below named Senators refused to co-sponsor the bi-partisan resolution...
Lamar Alexander (R-TN)
Thad Cochran (R-MS)
John Cornyn (R-TX)
Hutchison, Kay- (R - TX)
Trent Lott (R-MS)
Richard Shelby (R-AL)
Robert Bennett (R-UT)
Thad Cochran (R-MS)
Kent Conrad (D-ND)
Michael Crapo (R-ID)
Michael Enzi (R-WY)
Chuck Grassley (R-IA)
Judd Gregg (R-NH)
Orrin Hatch (R-UT)
Lisa Murkowski (R-AK)
John Sununu (R-NH)
Craig Thomas (R-WY)
George Voinovich (R-OH)
********************************************************
Jena 6 teen Mychal Bell back in jail: 10/12/07 http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21259504/from/ET/
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070225/ap_on_re_us/slavery_apology Va. lawmakers pass slavery apology…Meeting on the grounds of the former Confederate Capitol, the Virginia General Assembly voted unanimously Saturday to express "profound regret" for the state's role in slavery.
Slave who led failed revolt in 1800 'pardoned' Virginia, 9/02/07 Gabriel Prosser, who was hanged for leading a failed slave revolt in 1800, has won a symbolic gubernatorial pardon. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20536296/from/ET/
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17321579/from/ET/ College pledges $10 million after slavery report: Brown University on Saturday promised to raise $10 million for local public schools and give free tuition to graduate students who pledge to work there in response to a report that found slave labor played a role in the university's beginnings.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20070329/us_nm/usa_slavery_brown_dc Brown University exhibit traces links to slave trade - Yahoo! News
http://www.ushistory.org/presidentshouse/news/ww061005.htm Wachovia admits slave trade profits: After initially denying ties to slavery in January, executives at Wachovia Bank disclosed in a June 2 report that the bank's predecessor institutions — the Bank of Charleston, S.C., and the Georgia Railroad and Banking Company — "owned" at least 162 enslaved Africans and accepted 529 more as "collateral" on loans.
http://www.usatoday.com/money/general/2002/02/21/slave-reparations.htm Corporations challenged by reparations activists: They owned, rented or insured slaves. Loaned money to plantation owners. Helped hunt down the runaways. Some of America's most respected companies have slavery in their pasts. Now, 137 years after the final shots of the Civil War, will there be a reckoning? There is considerable evidence that proud names in finance, banking, insurance, transportation, manufacturing, publishing and other industries are linked to slavery. So far, the reparations legal team has publicly identified five companies it says have slave ties: insurers Aetna, New York Life and AIG and financial giants J.P. Morgan Chase Manhattan Bank and Fleet Boston Financial Group. Independently, USA TODAY has found documentation tying several others to slavery: * Investment banks Brown Bros. Harriman and Lehman Bros. * Railroads Norfolk Southern, CSX, Union Pacific and Canadian National. * Textile maker WestPoint Stevens. * Newspaper publishers Knight Ridder, Tribune, Media General, Advance Publications, E.W. Scripps and Gannett, parent and publisher of USA TODAY.
http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/16/america/NA-GEN-US-Slavery-Apology.php Maryland Senate approves resolution apologizing for slavery, with Georgia possibly to follow: The Associated Press
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17967662/from/ET/ North Carolina Senate apologizes for slavery The North Carolina Senate apologized Thursday for the Legislature's role in promoting slavery and Jim Crow laws that denied basic human rights to the state's black citizens.
http://www.ajc.com/services/content/metro/stories/2007/04/24/SOU__SlaveryApology_N7791.html?cxtype=rss&cxsvc=7&cxcat=13 Alabama House, Senate approve slavery apologies: Associated Press Published on: 04/24/07
http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/Old%20Souith%20built%20on%20slaves%27%20sweat.pdf Old South iron built on slaves' sweat. Archaeological find: Remains of 15 cabins are evidence of workers at Alabama blast furnaces. 7/9/07
http://www.oldamericancentury.org/bushco/bush_crime_family.htm President George W. Bush's grandfather, Prescott Bush made considerable profits off Auschwitz slave labor. In fact, President Bush himself is an heir to these profits from the holocaust which were placed in a blind trust in 1980 by his father, former president George Herbert Walker Bush.
http://www.house.gov/conyers/news_reparations.htm The Commission to Study Reparations Proposals for African American Act: Over 4 million Africans and their descendants were enslaved in the United States and its colonies from 1619 to 1865, and as a result, the United States was able to begin its grand place as the most prosperous country in the free world. It is un-controverted that African slaves were not compensated for their labor. More unclear however, is what the effects and remnants of this relationship have had on African-Americans and our nation from the time of emancipation through today…
###################################################################
.
Three Racist Republican Presidents http://georgehigh.com/Disfranchised/three%20racist%20presidents.pdf
Since 1982, Presidents Regan, Bush “41” and Bush “43” has personally been responsible for the disfranchisement of million's of blacks and deprived them of the rights of citizenship, the right to vote and numerous other privileges, rights and/or power. They have all tried to “turn back the clock” on the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Right Act of 1965, that President Lyndon Johnson achieved passage of:
###################################################
Martin Luther King, Jr.
"I Have a Dream"
.####################################################Lyndon Baines Johnson
Address to a Joint Session of Congress on Voting Legislation
"We Shall Overcome"
http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/lbjweshallovercome.htm
#####################################################
Malcolm X
Message To The Grass Roots
.#################################################
All the below persons fought and/or died for our right to vote...
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14380016/from/ET/ Harry T. and Harriette Moore died after the explosion under their bed on Christmas Day, their 25th wedding anniversary. Harry Moore organized the Brevard County branch of the NAACP in the 1930s and worked to register black voters in an area of the state then ruled by Jim Crow laws. (both murdered)
http://www.annistonstar.com/opinion/2005/as-insight-0306-jflemingcol-5c04q1447.htm Jimmy Lee Jackson, 'Gave his life in the struggle for the right to vote.' (Murdered) http://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?
AID=/20070428/NEWS02/704280377/1009/rss04 April 29, 2007 Prosecutor vows to find justice in civil rights : Speaking at a conference at Harvard Law School, Dallas County District Attorney Michael Jackson of Selma said he would be presenting evidence to a grand jury May 9 in the death of Jimmie Lee Jackson in the west Alabama town of Marion 42 years ago.http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18574158/from/ET/ Ex-state trooper surrenders in 1965 Ala. slaying (Jimmie Lee Jackson)
http://www.pbs.org/pov/pov2004/election/wvote/douglass.html "What the Black Man Wants" by Frederick Douglass
http://www.pbs.org/pov/pov2004/election/wvote/tutu.html Excerpt from God Has a Dream
by Archbishop Desmond Tutu, 2004 (voting rights)
http://www.un.org/av/photo/subjects/apartheid.htm HUMAN RIGHTS Historical images of Apartheid in South Africa (Nelson Mandela) (voting rights)
http://www.geocities.com/gury4u/viola1.htm Viola Liuzzo: - The housewife that moved a nation - ... a woman ahead of her times ... (murdered)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAkkk.htm In the summer 1964, 30 black homes and 37 black churches were firebombed. Over 80 volunteers were beaten by white mobs or racist police officers and three men, James Chaney, Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner, were murdered by the Ku Klux Klan on 21st June, 1964 while trying to get African Americans in the southern United States registered to vote... (all three murdered)
http://library.thinkquest.org/J0112391/medgar_evars.htm Medgar Evans conducted campaigns to help Blacks to become registered voters. (murdered)
http://www.beejae.com/lee.htm In 1955, Reverend George Lee, vice president of the Regional Council of Negro Leadership and NAACP worker, was shot in the face and killed for urging Blacks in the Mississippi Delta to vote. (murdered)
http://en.allexperts.com/e/l/la/lamar_smith_(activist).htm In August 1955, Lamar Smith, sixty-three-year-old farmer and World War II veteran, was shot in cold blood on the crowded courthouse lawn in Brookhaven, Mississippi, for urging Blacks to vote. (murdered)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USACleeH.htm On September 25, 1961, farmer Herbert Lee was shot and killed in Liberty, Mississippi, by E.H. Hurst, a member of the Mississippi State Legislature. Hurst murdered Lee because of his participation in the voter registration campaign sweeping through southwest Mississippi. (murdered)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAhamer.htm Fannie Lou Hamer…I've worked on voter registration here ever since I went to that first mass meeting. In 1964 we registered 63,000 black people from Mississippi into the Freedom Democratic Party. We formed our own party because the whites wouldn't even let us register.
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17127541/from/ET/ (Feb 14, 2007) Maceo Snipes served in the Pacific during World War II and returned home to make history: He became the first black person to vote in Taylor County, Ga. A day later, he was dead, apparently slain for daring to vote. His relatives want answers. (murdered)
http://www.tolerance.org/memorial/ Southern Poverty Law Center, CIVIL RIGHTS MEMORIAL: The Memorial, dedicated in 1989, includes the name of 40 civil rights martyrs who were slain during that era. (All 40 murdered)
http://www.splcenter.org/news/item.jsp?sid=88 Southern Poverty Law Center, The ‘Forgotten’ These are the names of 76 men and women who died between 1952 and 1968 under circumstances suggesting they were the victims of racially motivated violence. (All 76 men and woman murdered)
Virginia and George High has been deprived of their right to vote since 1993 when they were framed and wrongfully Convicted by the United States of America... (Judicial Lynching)
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19333322/from/ET/ House passes bill to reopen civil rights murders 6/20/07
http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/THE%20EMETT%20TILL%20ACT.pdf THE EMMETT TILL ACT: New funds unneeded for 'cold' civil rights murders 6/22/07
http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/Boyzie%20daniels.pdf OBITUARIES: MONROE: Boyzie Daniels, preacher, pushed black voting rights: The Atlanta Journal-Constitution - Published on: 07/12/07
*******************************************************************http://georgehigh.com/gh/Citizenship%20for%20convicted%20felons.pdf Citizenship for convicted felons: Florida is notorious for running elections badly, but its new governor is trying to fix one of the state’s most unjust and undemocratic practices. He has called for tearing down the barriers that prevent as many as 950,000 ex-offenders from voting.
Florida’s Governor Crist Makes it Easier for Convicted Felons to Regain the Right to Vote The state of Florida on Thursday moved to allow felons to more easily get their civil rights back after they serve their sentences, moving a step away from what some called an unfair remnant of ...
http://www.coloradoconfidential.com/showDiary.do?diaryId=1738 Colorado Senate Passes Parolee Voting: March 30, 2007
State's voter ID law holds up in court 09/06/07 http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/Voter%20ID%20law.pdf
The Supreme Court agreed Tuesday to decide whether voter identification laws unfairly deter the poor and minorities from voting, stepping into a contentious partisan issue in advance of the 2008 elections. 9/25/07 http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20972011/from/ET/
*****************************************************************
http://www.hereinreality.com/familyvalues.html Bush Family Values Photo Album: For more than a half century, members of the Bush family have been setting policy and making decisions for all Americans. Let's look at the family that has had such an impact on the lives of human beings worldwide:
.
.
DISCLAIMER: This website contains a number of links to other websites, cases, news articles, commentaries, political viewpoints, etc. These links are for the purpose of education, data and research. There is no way that we can endorse or verify the accuracy of the contents of other websites. www.georgehigh.com does not accept any responsibility or liability for the contents of other websites, whether we have linked to them or they have linked to us. These websites say what they say and it is up to you to decide the accuracy for yourself. Should you use a link from www.georgehigh.com website to any other website you do so entirely at your own risk.
_250x141.jpg)