Georgia's Confederacy
Page Updated 7/01/08
Amendment XIV (14) -- 1868 Section. 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
Genarlow Wilson rejoices over his release:
http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/genarlow%20wilson%20ajc.pdf
Panel OKs measure with unanimous vote A bill that would permanently establish April as Confederate History and Heritage Month in Georgia sailed through a Senate committee Thursday without any opposition. ##### Sen. Jeff Mullis told the Senate Rules Committee that the proposal would help promote tourism in the state and preserve an important part of the state's and the nation's history. Certainly Sen. Mullins, Gov Perdue and their kind (Republicans) will also include and promote this important part of Georgia’s Racist & Klan infested past, along with it’s “dubious” future…
http://www.ajc.com/services/content/metro/stories/2007/03/07/0307naacp.html?cxtype=rss&cxsvc=7&cxcat=13 The Georgia NAACP is calling for the state to issue an apology for its role in slavery.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070308/ap_on_re_us/slavery_apology;-
_ylt=AuQc1P2wb.uNZWnicrf_t3PMWM0F ATLANTA - Black legislative leaders said Thursday they will propose that Georgia apologize for the state's role in slavery and segregation-era laws.
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http://www.gavoyager.com/GLCfiles/blackhist1.html Georgia’s African American History …In 1749 the trustees for Georgia permitted the legal introduction of slaves into the colony. Leaders of the time, men such as James Habersham and the evangelist George Whitefield, proposed that the colony could not prosper unless slave labor was allowed to work Georgia farms
In his Cornerstone speech, delivered in March 1861, right when the South was in the process of seceding, Stephens said that the American Revolution had been based on a premise that was "fundamentally wrong." What was that premise? "The assumption of the equality of the races." Stephens insisted that, by contrast, "Our new government is founded upon exactly the opposite idea. "The cornerstone of the confederacy rest upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to the white man, that slavery, subornation to the superior race, is his natural and moral condition." This, our new government, is the first, in the history of the world, based upon this great and moral truth." Alexander Hamilton Stephens, Georgia, vice president of the Confederacy
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1019 (Georgia) In 1820 the slave population stood at 149,656; in 1840 the slave population had increased to 280,944; and in 1860, on the eve of the Civil War, some 462,198 slaves constituted 44 percent of the state's total population..
Dred Scott v. Sanford: In March of 1857, the United States Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, a former slave owner, declared that all blacks -- slaves as well as free -- were not and could never become citizens of the United States. The court also declared the 1820 Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, thus permiting slavery in all of the country's territories.
After the establishment of the Ku Klux Klan in 1867 the number of lynching of African American increased dramatically. The main objective of the KKK was to maintain white supremacy in the South, which they felt was under threat after their defeat in the Civil War. It has been estimated that between 1880 and 1920, an average of two African Americans a week were lynched in the United States.
http://library.thinkquest.org/J0112391/plessy_v__ferguson.htm In 1896 the U. S. Supreme Court upheld the lower court's ruling in Plesser v. Furguson. The Court asserted that Plessy's rights were not denied him because the separate accommodations provided to blacks were equal to those provided whites. It also ruled that "separate but equal" accommodations did not stamp the "colored race with a badge of inferiority." Again, Justice Harlan protested in a minority opinion: "Our Constitution is color-blind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens."
The Atlanta Riot 1906 On Saturday, September 22, white crowds along Decatur street, many of them drunk and inflamed by the headlines, began to gather. Someone shouted, "Kill the niggers," and soon the cry was running along the crowded streets. Some 10,000 men and boys in the mob began to search for African Americans. Whenever the whites would see one, someone would cry, "There is one of the black fiends"; minutes later, the "fiend" would be dead or beaten senseless. Among the many victims, a disabled man was chased down and beaten to death. The mob rampaged for several days before the militia restored order. Officially, 25 blacks and one white died. Unofficially, over 100 may have died.
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2717&hl=y – Lynching , between 1882 and 1930 the American South experienced an epidemic of fatal mob violence that produced more than 3,000 victims, the vast majority of whom were African Americans. More than 450 documented lynching occurred in Georgia alone… How many were un-documented?
http://www.atlantanation.com/leofrank.html Marietta's Shame: The Lynching of Leo Frank: In 1913 Leo Frank, a northern Jew who had moved to Atlanta to manage a pencil factory, was accused of murdering a 14-year old girl named Mary Phagan of Marietta who was employed at the factory. After a sensationalized trial, Leo Frank was found guilty and sentenced to be hanged. Whatever the truth may be, Frank was hanged there in Frey’s Grove. Asserting his innocence to the very end. Photographs were taken, one of which later became a souvenir postcard. A website has allegedly named some of the Mariettans involved in the lynching of Leo Frank, and what an interesting list it is. Famous names like Clay, Morris, Sessions, Dobbs, Frey, Manning and more are accused of being the culprits. The site says the alleged lynchers include a former speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives and president of the Georgia State Senate, and other members of the Georgia House of Representatives and Senate, mayors of Marietta, as well as judges, prosecutors, and other members of the local judiciary. Link to the website
http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/Leo%20Frank.pdf New marker will remember the 1915 lynching of Leo Frank 03/07/08
The NAACP also fought a long campaign against lynching. In 1919 it published Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States: 1889-1918. The NAACP also paid for large adverts in major newspapers presenting the facts about lynching. To show that the members of the organization would not be intimidated, it held its 1920 annual conference in Atlanta, considered at the time to be one of the most active Ku Klux Klan areas in America.
American eugenics -- a powerful social movement based on the idea that society's problems could be solved if those considered "superior" were allowed to make more children while those considered "inferior" were no longer allowed to have children -- was going strong. Lawmakers from several states had already adopted laws making it mandatory to operate on people with physical, developmental and psychiatric disabilities, along with homosexuals and other "undesirables", to make sure they did not have children. Eight years earlier, The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the eugenicists in Buck vs. Bell (1927). Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes speaking for the Court, wrote, "three generations of imbeciles are enough". Between 1937 and 1970, an estimated 3,300 Georgians were legally forced to undergo sterilization surgery.
http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/Talmedge%20%20lynching.pdf (Gov.) Talmadge part of lynching re-enactment: 07/24/07
http://georgehigh.com/Disfranchised/Monroe%20Lynching.pdf Searching for Truth in Monroe Lynching: The whites questioned abided by a code of silence. Blacks, too, kept quiet, petrified of reprisal if they spoke out. (1946)
http://georgehigh.com/Disfranchised/Monroe%2C%20Ga.pdf My Memory of the Monroe Lynching
http://www.withoutsanctuary.org/ Searching through America's past for the last 25 years, collector James Allen uncovered an extraordinary visual legacy: photographs and postcards taken as souvenirs at lynchings throughout America. With essays by Hilton Als, Leon Litwack, Congressman John Lewis and James Allen, these photographs have been published as a book "Without Sanctuary" by Twin Palms Publishers .
Gov. Sonny Perdue won a Georgia state senate seat in 1992 as a Democrat. He switched to the Republican party in 1997.
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2671 State Flag Controversy Supporters of the 1956 Georgia state flag marched on the state capitol on January 14, 2003, to celebrate the ouster of Governor Roy Barnes and to remind his replacement, Sonny Perdue, of the promise he made for a statewide vote on the flag issue.
The United States Senate formally apologized for its refusal to approve any of the 200 anti-lynching legislation bills introduced during the first half of the 20th century, a failure that led to the deaths of at least several thousand African-Americans...The below named Senators refused to co-sponsor the bi-partisan resolution...
Lamar Alexander (R-TN)
Thad Cochran (R-MS)
John Cornyn (R-TX)
Hutchison, Kay- (R - TX)
Trent Lott (R-MS)
Richard Shelby (R-AL)
Robert Bennett (R-UT)
Thad Cochran (R-MS)
Kent Conrad (D-ND)
Michael Crapo (R-ID)
Michael Enzi (R-WY)
Chuck Grassley (R-IA)
Judd Gregg (R-NH)
Orrin Hatch (R-UT)
Lisa Murkowski (R-AK)
John Sununu (R-NH)
Craig Thomas (R-WY)
George Voinovich (R-OH)
We would like to bring to the attention of Republican Sen. Jeff Mullis the sponsor of Senate Bill 283, ( to establish April as Confederate History & Heritage month) and Republican Governor Sonny Perdue that Georgia’s two Republican Senators, Saxby Chambliss and Johnny Isakson On June 13, 2005 both co-sponsored, the bill for the U.S. Senate apologized for inaction on Lynching.
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http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/N.J.%20Slavery.pdf N.J. to debate official regret for slavery: 1/02/08
http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/02/24/slavery.apology.ap/index.html?eref=rss_topstories Virginia expresses 'profound regret' for slavery POSTED: 9:09 p.m. EST, February 24, 2007 Meeting on the grounds of the former Confederate Capitol, the Virginia General Assembly voted unanimously Saturday to express "profound regret" for the state's role in
slavery. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17321579/from/ET/ College pledges $10 million after slavery report: Brown University on Saturday promised to raise $10 million for local public schools and give free tuition to graduate students who pledge to work there in response to a report that found slave labor played a role in the university's beginnings.http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20070329/us_nm/usa_slavery_brown_dc Brown University exhibit traces links to slave trade - Yahoo! News
http://www.ushistory.org/presidentshouse/news/ww061005.htm Wachovia admits slave trade profits: After initially denying ties to slavery in January, executives at Wachovia Bank disclosed in a June 2 report that the bank's predecessor institutions — the Bank of Charleston, S.C., and the Georgia Railroad and Banking Company — "owned" at least 162 enslaved Africans and accepted 529 more as "collateral" on loans.
http://www.usatoday.com/money/general/2002/02/21/slave-reparations.htm Corporations challenged by reparations activists: They owned, rented or insured slaves. Loaned money to plantation owners. Helped hunt down the runaways. Some of America's most respected companies have slavery in their pasts. Now, 137 years after the final shots of the Civil War, will there be a reckoning? There is considerable evidence that proud names in finance, banking, insurance, transportation, manufacturing, publishing and other industries are linked to slavery. So far, the reparations legal team has publicly identified five companies it says have slave ties: insurers Aetna, New York Life and AIG and financial giants J.P. Morgan Chase Manhattan Bank and Fleet Boston Financial Group. Independently, USA TODAY has found documentation tying several others to slavery: * Investment banks Brown Bros. Harriman and Lehman Bros. * Railroads Norfolk Southern, CSX, Union Pacific and Canadian National. * Textile maker WestPoint Stevens. * Newspaper publishers Knight Ridder, Tribune, Media General, Advance Publications, E.W. Scripps and Gannett, parent and publisher of USA TODAY.
http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/16/america/NA-GEN-US-Slavery-Apology.php Maryland Senate approves resolution apologizing for slavery, with Georgia possibly to follow: The Associated Press
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17967662/from/ET/ North Carolina Senate apologizes for slavery The North Carolina Senate apologized Thursday for the Legislature's role in promoting slavery and Jim Crow laws that denied basic human rights to the state's black citizens.
http://www.ajc.com/services/content/metro/stories/2007/04/24/SOU__SlaveryApology_N7791.html?cxtype=rss&cxsvc=7&cxcat=13 Alabama House, Senate approve slavery apologies: Associated Press Published on: 04/24/07
Ala. governor signs slavery apology bill May 31, 2007 
Gov. Bob Riley signed a resolution Thursday expressing "profound regret" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects.
http://georgehigh.com/gh/Ga.%20Apol.%20slav.pdf emails sent: Why Georgia Must Apologize for Slavery
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070407/ap_on_re_us/slavery_apology_georgia Ga. slave ownership could sway debate - Yahoo! News
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070517/ap_on_re_us/rosa_parks_act South offers pardons in Civil rights cases - Yahoo! News (5/17/07)######################################################
http://www.lawschool.com/apology.htm Professor Wants University of Alabama to Apology for Slavery: Brophy, who is white, said Monday that he has discovered numerous links between slavery and the Tuscaloosa school, established in 1831. The school owned a handful of slaves for much of its early existence, and rented others, according to Brophy's research. Professors, students and at least two university presidents owned slaves, he said. Slaves cleaned buildings, planted trees, served students and aided professors, according to records Brophy has found. Though the professor hasn't found any direct evidence yet, he believes slaves helped build at least some of the seven surviving buildings that escaped destruction by Union troops in 1865.
http://genealogytrails.com/geo/slaveinsurance.html Slavery Era Insurance Policies Registry: . The
following are the names of the Georgia Slave Insurance Policy Holders in those records
http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/documents/will/slavelist.html The will of George Washington…Slave Lists 1799
http://www.rootsweb.com/~gacogs/onlineresources/clarkeslaveowners1850.html 1850 Clarke County, Georgia Slave Owners: Listed below is an alphabetical list of the slave owners found in Schedule 2, often called the "Slave Schedule", for Clarke County, Georgia in the 1850 U.S. Federal Census.
http://www.afrigeneas.com/library/ga-slavebills/ Georgia Slave Bills of Sale includes the following Counties/Cities: Atlanta, Augusta, Baldwin, Bartow, Bibb and Bryan, including the slave births. They list the slave women and their children, and then the childrens, children. The slaves owned by the State of Georgia were in more than one list. The index references the 1400+ names completed so far.
AHS Atlanta Historical Society, Atlanta
GAU Atlanta University, Atlanta
GDA Georgia Department of Archives and History, Atlanta
GEU Emory University, Atlanta
RCHS Richmond County Historical Society, Augusta
UGA University of Georgia, Athens
http://www.house.gov/conyers/news_reparations.htm The Commission to Study Reparations Proposals for African American Act: Over 4 million Africans and their descendants were enslaved in the United States and its colonies from 1619 to 1865, and as a result, the United States was able to begin its grand place as the most prosperous country in the free world. It is un-controverted that African slaves were not compensated for their labor. More unclear however, is what the effects and remnants of this relationship have had on African-Americans and our nation from the time of emancipation through today…
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19333322/from/ET/ House passes bill to reopen civil rights murders 6/20/07
http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/THE%20EMETT%20TILL%20ACT.pdf THE EMMETT TILL ACT: New funds unneeded for 'cold' civil rights murders 6/22/07
Reputed Klansman gets life for 1964 killings: August 25, 2007 James Ford Seale, a reputed Ku Klux Klansman, was sentenced Friday to three life terms in prison for his role in the 1964 abduction and murder of two black teenagers in southwest Mississippi. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20424056/from/ET/
'Racial cleansing' of Forsyth's blacks examined: 02/20/08 http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/banished_0221.pdf
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http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2006/09/georgia-judge-rules-voter-photo-id-law.php (9/19/2006) State Superior Court Judge T. Jackson Bedford Jr. held that the controversial voter ID law is not required under the Georgia constitution and would disenfranchise otherwise qualified voters. Bedford expressed concern with the burden placed on voters who would have to use photo ID to prove their identity: "Any attempt by the Legislature to require more than what is required by the express language of our Constitution cannot withstand judicial scrutiny." The state case is now before the Georgia Supreme Court. ##########
We would like to go on record stating that: The Voter ID law and Senate Bill 283, ( to establish April as Confederate History & Heritage month) is nothing more that a "sham & mockery" and a back-door attempt to futher Disfranchise million's of blacks and deprived them of the rights of citizenship, the right to vote and numerous other privileges, rights and/or power. Y'all Republicans have all tried to “turn back the clock” on the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Right Act of 1965, that President Lyndon Johnson achieved passage of http://georgehigh.com/gh/C%20V%20%20Act.pdf
State's voter ID law holds up in court 09/06/07 http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/Voter%20ID%20law.pdf
The Supreme Court agreed Tuesday to decide whether voter identification laws unfairly deter the poor and minorities from voting, stepping into a contentious partisan issue in advance of the 2008 elections. 9/25/07 http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20972011/from/ET/
High court to take on voter ID case: 12/26/07 http://georgehigh.com/George%20News/High%20court%20voter%20ID.pdf
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Three Georgia entities, the GBI, Georgia Real Estate Commission and State Bar of Ga., all had a a part in the “Racist Conspiracy”, framing and wrongful conviction of George and Virginia High via the Investigation, indictment, trial, sentencing, incarceration and /or cover-up.
http://georgehigh.com/gh/terry%20sosebee.pdf Terry Sosebee: a "sambo" GBI agent and a pawn of the IRS, who participated in an unconstitutional search and seizure at the High's residence by seizing a briefcase containing a legal firearm and testified to the fact at trial and his testimony was instrumental to George High being convicted and sentenced to an additional 13 years in prison for the false firearm charges...
http://georgehigh.com/gh/C.%20B.%20GBI.pdf Charles Boyd: an "uncle-tom" GBI agent who worked the Garbage detail and rummaged though the garbage and testified at trial about how he assisted in getting us blacks convicted, and he was a "good house-negro".
http://georgehigh.com/gh/Real%20Estate%20Comm%20%20HR.pdf Georgia Real Estate Commission: They colluded with the United States of America to take the Licenses of George High and High's Realty on false charges of George High being a convicted felon when they knew or should have know that all of George High's rights were restored when he got out of prison in 1962.
http://georgehigh.com/gh/R.E.%20inv.pdf George High: Reply to to the Real Estate Commission unjustly taking George High and High's Realty Licenses
http://georgehigh.com/gh/S.B.%20com..pdf George High, submit a Claim of Misconduct against the named persons to the State Bar of Georgia, and they "trash it"
